Clover Root Curculio or Clover Weevil
Sitona hispidulus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Sitoninae: Brachyderinae)

• Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Rep, Denmark, Finland, Former Yugoslavia, France, Corsica, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Central Russia, Siberia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.
• Asia: Taiwan, Cyprus, Iran, Israel, Japan, Republic of Korea, Turkey.
• Western Hemisphere: Canada, USA, Mexico.

• Primary hosts: Medicago sativa (lucerne), Trifolium (clovers), Vicia sativa (common vetch).
• Secondary hosts: Medicago lupulina (black medick), Vicia (vetch), Lotus corniculatus (bird's-foot trefoil), Lupinus luteus (yellow lupin), Medicago varia (variegated alfalfa), Melilotus alba, Trifolium dubium (yellow suckling clover), Trifolium fragiferum (strawberry clover), Trifolium hybridum (Alsike clover), Trifolium incarnatum (Crimson clover), Trifolium pratense (purple clover), Trifolium repens (white clover).
• Wild hosts: Lotus uliginosus (greater lotus)

• Arnett, Jr. Ross H. 1985. American Insects, A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. New York, New York.
• Barratt BIP, Byers RA, 1992. Legume seedling feeding preferences of adult Sitona hispidulus (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Environmental Entomology, 21(1):103-106.
• Boroumand H, 1975. Key to the groups and species of the genus Sitona (Col. - Curculionidae) in Iran. Journal of the Entomological Society of Iran, 2(2):Pe 101-110; en 67-68.
• Bright DE, 1994. Revision of the genus Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of North America. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 87(3):277-306.
• Brudea V, 1978. Contributions to the biology of the weevil Sitona hispidulus F. (Order Coleoptera - Family Curculionidae), a pest of leguminous forage crops. Probleme de Protectia Plantelor, 6(2):105-116.
• Crop Protection Compendium, CABI, ISSN 1478-7040 (Online), ISSN 1365-9065 (CD-ROM)
• Kevan DK, 1959. The British species of the Genus Sitona Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Entomologists Monthly Magazine, 95:255-261.
• Morris MG, 1997. Broad-nosed weevils. Coleoptera: Curculionidae (Entiminae). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects Vol. 5, Part 17a. London, UK: Royal Entomological Society.
• Murray PJ, 1997. The biology of Sitona weevils in forage legumes. PhD Thesis. Bristol, UK: University of Bristol.
• Murray PJ, Clements RO, 1995. Distribution and abundance of three species of Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in grassland in England. Annals of Applied Biology, 127(2):229-237.
• Petrukha OI, 1970. Sitona weevils. Zashchita Rastenii, 15(6):24-26.
• Wiech K, Clements RO, 1992. Studies on the Sitona spp. and Apion spp. weevils feeding on white clover foliage at a site in S.E. England. Journal of Applied Entomology, 113(5):437-440.

James B. "Ding" Johnson, University of Idaho, USA

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